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What Are the Best Medications For Anxiety Disorders? A three-prong approach is often recommended to treat anxiety disorders which include exercise, psychotherapy and medication. Antidepressants are the first treatment for anxiety. Newer medications, such as mirtazapine and nefazodone that have a lower risk of suicide and have fewer adverse side effects are more palatable by patients than antidepressants that are older like tCAs or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Most people can reduce their anxiety symptoms by taking medications that decrease the brain's fear signals. These include SSRIs and SNRIs. Benzodiazepines These drugs function by facilitating the binding between the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and various receptors within the central nervous system. They are regarded as a safer and less harmful class of CNS depressants than their predecessors, the barbiturates. They are used to treat seizures as anxiolytics and anticonvulsants. They are prescribed in low doses and are less likely than other drugs to cause toxic effects on anticholinergic receptors or delirium. Before using them, it is important to assess the risks and potential side effects. For example, chronic use of benzodiazepine can cause memory impairment or trigger withdrawal symptoms. This is especially the case when combined with other CNS depressants like opioids or alcohol. There are also those who find that it decreases the effectiveness of antidepressants. Benzodiazepines should not be used in patients with geriatric or pediatric illnesses and should be avoided in conjunction with medical conditions like depression. They are available in a variety of formulations and potencies and have a variety of pharmacological properties. They differ in the speed at which they work, how long they last, and their adverse effects. The longer-acting benzodiazepines like chlordiazepoxide (Librium) as well as Clorazepate (Tranxene) and Clobazam (Onfi) and diazepam (Valium) are prescribed for anxiety and insomnia, and alprazolam (Xanax) as well as the lorazepam (Ativan) and midazolam (Versed) are used to induce anesthesia and for seizures and other seizures disorders. Constipation, fatigue and blurred vision are some of the most frequent adverse effects of benzodiazepines. Some people also experience headaches, nausea and weight loss. These side effects are mild and usually disappear with continued use. It is preferential to gradually lower the dose of benzodiazepines rather then stopping them abruptly, as they can cause withdrawal symptoms like insomnia and irritability. Other medications that help with anxiety disorders include SSRIs, serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; SNRIs; antidepressants that are not typical, such as mirtazapine, and beta-blockers. SSRIs and SNRIs increase the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in your brain, which can help reduce anxiety. Atypical antidepressants use different pathways to increase the levels of these chemicals, and also treat other mental health issues like depression. Beta-blockers are also traditionally heart medications, however they can also be used at low doses to treat anxiety such as stage fright by reducing the adrenaline rush which causes shaking and a rapid heart rate. SSRIs The most commonly prescribed drugs for anxiety disorders are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These drugs boost levels of serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter that is involved in mood. They also increase levels of norepinephrine which is another neurotransmitter that influences mood. Paroxetine and fluoxetine are the most well-known SSRIs used to combat anxiety. The SNRIs include citalopram, sertraline and nefazodone. There are other medications that can help alleviate anxiety-related symptoms. Antihistamines, alpha and beta-blockers (e.g. propranolol and Clonidine) as well as benzodiazepines and others are all available. Antihistamines can be especially helpful when you're experiencing panic attacks. They can cause feeling of drowsiness, which can ease anxiety. However, they may cause negative effects, such as dry mouth, constipation and sedation. There are also dangers in the event of driving and you can develop a tolerance to the drug. Benzodiazepines which are sedatives, work by enhancing the activity of neurotransmitters that transmit signals between brain cells. These medications can help you relax and sleep, but are typically prescribed for short-term usage. These medications can become addictive, so you should only take them under the supervision of a doctor. Tricyclic antidepressants also work in treating anxiety. These medications work similar to SSRIs and can increase the levels of serotonin, norepinephrine, and other chemicals within your body that affect mood. They are typically taken at a low dose and gradually increased. Some of these medicines can cause weight increase as well as dry mouth, sedation and urinary tract issues, and arrhythmias. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are also older antidepressants which have been proven to be effective in treating anxiety but they aren't widely used because of side effects such as dry mouth, weight gain and sedation. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may also interact negatively with certain foods and medications. These include SSRIs and certain birth control pills. They may also be affected by allergy and cold medicine, acetaminophen, and Ibuprofen. Taking the right medications to manage anxiety can help you feel more calm and in control of your life. Additionally, it is essential to implement techniques for managing stress. The most important steps are abstaining from unhealthy food and exercise in a controlled manner, avoiding alcohol and tobacco and removing news articles or readings that can trigger anxiety. Joining an anxiety support group will help you meet people who have similar issues and will teach you strategies for coping. Tricyclic antidepressants A variety of medications are able to treat anxiety disorders, including benzodiazepines, SSRIs, and tricyclic antidepressants. Certain of these medications can increase the amount of certain brain chemicals, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These medications can be taken on a regular basis or as required. Some take a few weeks to start working, but can completely eliminate anxiety or make it more manageable. They won't work when you stop taking the medication. SSRIs are a well-known option for treating anxiety and they can also assist in preventing symptoms from coming back. They include citalopram, fluvoxamine, escitalopram, and sertraline. SSRIs have no adverse effects and generally safe. SSRIs are often combined with other treatments to treat anxiety, such as psychotherapy or exercise. Beta blockers are a different kind of medication that can be used to treat anxiety. These are usually prescribed for heart conditions but can also be helpful for anxiety and anxiety-related fears. They help reduce anxiety symptoms by cutting blood pressure and slowing down the heart rate. Propranolol and Atenolol are the most commonly prescribed beta blockers. People who suffer from anxiety disorder or panic can benefit from sedatives taken when needed, like lorazepam. These medications can be taken before a stressful event and can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. These medications can become habit-forming therefore only take them if absolutely necessary. In general the SSRIs and SNRIs can be considered to be first-line treatments for anxiety. They are safe, well-tolerated and are effective in controlled, randomized trials. However, the unique drug characteristics and comorbid conditions of patients should be taken into consideration. A patient with a depressive history might require an increased dose than a person without. The most effective treatment for social phobia or anxiety is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). These medications increase the amount of neurotransmitters that regulate mood. They are usually started at a low dosage and gradually increased. They can be used on their own or in combination with benzodiazepine. Many medications, like SSRIs, birth control pills, acetaminophen, Ibuprofen, cold or allergy medications, as well as herbal supplements, can interact with MAOIs, so it is essential to discuss your treatment options with your doctor. panic anxiety disorder There are a myriad of treatments for anxiety disorders. A lot of them work well for the majority of people. This includes benzodiazepines as well as antidepressants. Benzodiazepines act as GABA-A agonists and are effective in the short-term to ease anxiety symptoms. They are also helpful in reducing seizures, muscle spasms and hypnotic state. However, benzodiazepines are not suitable for long-term use, and could cause dependence. Antidepressants however, can help to reduce depression and anxiety. These medications can take up to six weeks to start working however, they are extremely effective for the majority of people. These medications can cause sexual side effects in a few individuals, but these are usually manageable. SSRIs and SNRIs, boost levels of norepinephrine and serotonin two of the most important hormones and neurotransmitters that affect mood. They are often the first-line treatment options for most anxiety disorders. They can be taken daily to manage symptoms, or be used when required. Antidepressants can cause a variety of adverse effects, such as dry mouth, nausea, and weight gain. They may also increase the likelihood of having suicidal thoughts therefore, they should only be used as long as necessary. Another option is beta-blockers, which are commonly used to treat heart problems. Propranolol, also known as Inderal, is often prescribed to treat social anxiety disorders off-label. This medication is a great choice to ease the physical symptoms of anxiety, such as shaking and high blood pressure. It also helps to reduce stress hormones like adrenaline and norepinephrine, which are produced during a high anxiety. Anticonvulsants, such as gabapentin, pregabalin, and tiagabine are all derived from GABAergic properties. These medications have FDA approval for neuropathic and antidepressant pain. Tricyclic antidepressants, or TCAs are a different medication that boosts the levels of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. They also reduce the activity of monoamine oxide which is responsible for breaking down these chemicals. They are able to alleviate symptoms of bipolar disorder and mania. These drugs can have numerous side effects, including dryness of the mouth and sedation. These medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmias and hypotension.