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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people use medication to manage anxiety, but they aren't the only option. Exercise and psychotherapy can also be effective treatments. Certain antidepressants can treat anxiety as well, such as SSRIs like citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac) paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Others, like histamine blockers such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also offer relief. Antidepressants If you're diagnosed with depression, your doctor might prescribe medication as part of your treatment plan. Antidepressants, among the most commonly prescribed medications, come in many different kinds. The type you choose by your doctor will depend on the severity of your symptoms and any other medical issues you suffer from, as well as your the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. These work by changing the way nerve cells in your brain communicate. The drugs increase the amount neurotransmitters in your brain, which helps improve your mood and reduces anxiety. Antidepressants may take a few weeks to yield results, so be patient and stick with your regimen. Benzodiazepines can also be prescribed by your doctor to treat depression or anxiety. They are quick-acting and can help alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in a short time. Examples of benzodiazepines are alprazolam and lorazepam. They inhibit the actions of noradrenaline and adrenaline, which are hormones that play a role in the body's fight or flight. Monoamine oxidase inhibiters are an older antidepressant type that can be effective in treating depression and anxiety. They are usually reserved for those who aren't responding to other antidepressants. They require dietary adjustments to avoid hypertensive reactions triggered by interactions with amino acids tyramine. If you're taking a prescription antidepressant inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including vitamins and supplements. You may need to lower the dosage if you're taking other medications that impact the way antidepressants work or if they trigger negative side effects. Contact a doctor immediately if have thoughts of suicide. There are many signs of depression and anxiety, or you may have a comorbidity of depression and anxiety. People who have comorbid anxiety and depression have a worse medical prognosis as compared to those who have only one disorder. Some psychiatric medications have been found to be particularly effective in treating both disorders for people who suffer from comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Anxiety symptoms can be alleviated through benzodiazepines, including alprazolam (Xanax), Clonazepam (Klonopin), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These drugs act on the central nervous system's benzodiazepine receptors, which are protein molecules consisting of five transmembrane components that shape a benzyl chloride channel in the central. The benzodiazepine receptors also have a binding site for the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutryic acids type A (GABA-A). The benzodiazepines function by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, thereby decreasing the activity of the nerve and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are known to have a quick start of action, but they are also at risk for dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and buspirone all have a long duration of action, but are more suitable for long-term use because they don't produce tolerance or create addiction. Depression can be associated with anxiety disorders, and antidepressants can aid in reducing the symptoms of depression that are a result of anxiety. Many people with depression have an amalgamation of depressive and anxious symptoms. They will need to combine medication and therapy to control their symptoms. In these cases, benzodiazepines may be employed for a brief period to manage anxiety or depression symptoms while other medications work. Usually, these medications are prescribed for only a few weeks at a time, and are not used on a daily basis. These medicines should not be used for extended durations as they can trigger withdrawal symptoms like shaking or trouble sleeping. If you're considering taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any prior dependence or substance abuse issues as well as any other mental health issues you suffer from. Your doctor can inform you about possible adverse effects, and recommend other medication if necessary to treat depression. If you've never used benzodiazepines in the past or use them frequently they could cause serious and even fatal complications. If you are breastfeeding, pregnant or have a history of liver disease or respiratory or digestive disorders your doctor may suggest lower doses or limit the time you are treated with these drugs. Alcohol can interact negatively with benzodiazepines and increase the risk of side-effects and dependence. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to reduce anxiety symptoms. They are a kind of medication distinct from benzodiazepines, such as Xanax and they work by blocking the receptors that adrenaline bonds to. They also reduce brain and nervous system functions. They can be used as an alternative to benzodiazepines, which are more addictive and have greater risk of dependence. Beta blockers are typically prescribed for heart ailments and are effective in treating anxiety because they reduce blood pressure and slow down the heart rate. However, they are not specifically FDA-approved for the treatment of anxiety disorders. They are prescribed “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders . They are an excellent option if other antianxiety medications aren't working or have undesirable adverse side consequences. They are particularly effective in situations of social anxiety and performance anxiety, where unpleasant symptoms can arise when you are experiencing events that trigger anxiety. They can also be employed in conjunction with other treatment options like CBT or SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an adjunct therapy for people with GAD. GAD is characterized by persistent and frequent anxiety that affects everyday activities. They can also aid in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing heart or increased sweating. Beta-blockers can ease physical symptoms of anxiety, but they do not address the underlying psychological issues which contribute to the condition. They are recommended as a supplement to other treatments such as SSRIs and benzodiazepines. Before you start taking beta-blockers, it is important to talk to your doctor about your medical history and any other health concerns. The use of these drugs is associated with reduced suicidal behavior and psychiatric hospitalisations However, the results differ depending on the specific psychiatric condition and past psychiatric history. In some patients, they may also increase the risk of heart attacks. There are a few natural ingredients that contain beta-blocker-like properties however they aren't as effective as prescription medications. These include antioxidants, garlic, saffron, and potassium. These natural ingredients aren't entirely understood. Some of these supplements may cause serious adverse side effects, so it is best to consult an expert prior to taking these supplements. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to alter the way your brain works. They inhibit an enzyme known as monoamine oxide which breaks down chemical compounds such as serotonin, norepinephrine and other chemical compounds that let your brain cells communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to remain in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and elevates your mood. These medications are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, especially anxiety-related disorders such as agoraphobia, mixed depression and anxiety. They are less effective in treating pure anxiety and may not help with a panic attack. The MAOIs' effectiveness has been linked to their ability to increase dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine levels within the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced by the body are released into the bloodstream where they are absorbed by nerve cells and function as messengers. Iproniazid was the very first antidepressant to be developed in 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to the development of other MAOIs, like tranylcypromine or isocarboxazid. These have long been known to help treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they can cause drug and food interactions and could cause severe withdrawal syndrome if stopped abruptly, MAOIs are typically only used for patients who fail to respond to other treatments. A newer MAOI known as MAOA-A, a selective, irreversible inhibitor is being studied for its use in treating depression resistant to treatment. It is not recommended to use in bipolar disorder, as it can precipitate manic symptoms. Selegiline, a newer MAOI (also called Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being studied for Parkinson's treatment. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not affect the other enzymes which break down levodopa, the main treatment for Parkinson’s. These drugs can be used as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with other antidepressants. MAOIs can trigger hyperreflexia as well as increased neuromuscular excitation in some patients. This can manifest itself as a twitching of the muscles or eyelid flickering. These reactions are more frequent when these drugs are taken together with certain foods like aged cheeses and preserved meats.